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Estrogen‐mediated downregulation of CD24 in breast cancer cells
Author(s) -
Kaipparettu Benny Abraham,
Malik Simeen,
Konduri Santhi D.,
Liu Wensheng,
Rokavec Matjaž,
van der Kuip Heiko,
Hoppe Reiner,
HammerichHille Stephanie,
Fritz Peter,
Schroth Werner,
Abele Ina,
Das Gokul M.,
Oesterreich Steffi,
Brauch Hiltrud
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.23480
Subject(s) - corepressor , chromatin immunoprecipitation , gene silencing , cd24 , estrogen receptor alpha , trichostatin a , estrogen receptor , cancer research , estrogen receptor beta , downregulation and upregulation , estrogen , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , psychological repression , biology , histone deacetylase , endocrinology , medicine , cd44 , breast cancer , promoter , histone , cell , cancer , gene expression , biochemistry , gene
We have previously reported on the relevance of the prevalence of CD44 + /CD24 −/low cells in primary breast tumors. To study regulation of CD24, we queried a number of publicly available expression array studies in breast cancer cells and found that CD24 was downregulated upon estrogen treatment. We confirmed this estrogen‐mediated repression of CD24 mRNA by quantitative real‐time PCR in MCF7, T47D and ZR75‐1 cells. Repression was also seen at the protein level as measured by flow cytometry. CD24 was not downregulated in the ERα negative MDA‐MB‐231 cells suggesting that ERα was necessary. This was further confirmed by ERα silencing in MCF7 cells resulting in increased CD24 levels and by reintroduction of ERα into C4‐12 cells resulting in decreased CD24 levels. Estrogen treatment did not alter half‐life of CD24 mRNA and new protein synthesis was not essential for repression, suggesting a primary transcriptional effect. Histone deacetylase inhibition by Trichostatin A completely abolished the repression, but decrease of the ERα corepressors NCoR, LCoR, RIP140, silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid hormone receptors, SAFB1 and SAFB2 by siRNA or overexpression of SAFB2, NCoR and silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid hormone receptors had no effect. In silico promoter analyses led to the identification of two estrogen responsive elements in the CD24 promoter, one of which was able to bind ERα as shown by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Together, our results show that CD24 is repressed by estrogen and that this repression is a direct transcriptional effect depending on ERα and histone deacetylases. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.