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Histone deacetylase inhibitor Helminthosporium carbonum (HC)‐toxin suppresses the malignant phenotype of neuroblastoma cells
Author(s) -
Deubzer Hedwig E.,
Ehemann Volker,
Westermann Frank,
Heinrich Ralf,
Mechtersheimer Gunhild,
Kulozik Andreas E.,
Schwab Manfred,
Witt Olaf
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.23295
Subject(s) - cancer research , histone deacetylase , histone deacetylase inhibitor , cell cycle , neuroblastoma , trichostatin a , retinoblastoma , survivin , retinoblastoma protein , apoptosis , biology , cell growth , kinase , cell culture , histone , microbiology and biotechnology , genetics , gene
The survival rate of children with advanced neuroblastoma (NB) is dismal despite intensive multimodal therapy. The limited efficacy and the frequent and serious side effects of currently used therapeutic regimens necessitate the development of new, less toxic treatment strategies. This study shows that the histone deacetylase inhibitor Helminthosporium carbonum (HC)‐toxin suppresses the malignant phenotype of both established NB cell lines and primary NB cells with and without amplified MYCN at dosages lower than 20 nM. HC‐toxin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis as well as neuronal differentiation and diminishes both colony formation and invasive growth. These cellular changes are accompanied by the transcriptional repression of cell cycle regulators of the retinoblastoma (RB) tumor suppressor network found at high levels in NBs with poor prognosis, like E2F‐1 and its targets Skp2, N‐myc, Mad2 and survivin. The levels of the hypophosphorylated active form of RB, and of cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitors including p15 INK4b , p16 INK4a , p21 cip1/waf‐1 and p27 kip1 are increased. In conclusion, nanomolar doses of the HDACI HC‐toxin cause a shift to a differentiated and benign phenotype of NB cells that is associated with an activation of the RB tumor suppressor network. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.