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Airborne exposures and risk of gastric cancer: A prospective cohort study
Author(s) -
Sjödahl Krister,
Jansson Catarina,
Bergdahl Ingvar A.,
Adami Johanna,
Boffetta Paolo,
Lagergren Jesper
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.22566
Subject(s) - medicine , prospective cohort study , cancer , cohort , cohort study , population , demography , epidemiology , environmental health , rate ratio , sociology
There is an unexplained male predominance among patients with gastric cancer, and many carcinogens are found in male‐dominated dusty occupations. However, the relation between occupational exposures and risk of gastric cancer remains unclear. To investigate whether airborne occupational exposures might influence the risk of noncardia gastric cancer, we used a large, prospective cohort study of male Swedish construction workers. These workers were, during the period 1971–1993, regularly invited to health examinations by a nationwide occupational health service organization. Data on job titles and other variables were collected through self‐administered questionnaires and forms completed by the health organization's staff. Industrial hygienists assessed 12 specific airborne occupational exposures for 200 job titles. Gastric cancer, death or emigration occurring during follow‐up in 1971–2002 were identified by linkage to the Swedish registers of Cancer, Causes of Death and Total Population, respectively. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for attained age, tobacco smoking, calendar period and body mass, were derived from Cox regression. Among 256,357 cohort members, contributing 5,378,012 person‐years at risk, 948 noncardia gastric cancers were identified. Increased risk of this tumor was found among workers exposed to cement dust (IRR 1.5 [95% CI 1.1–2.1]), quartz dust (IRR 1.3 [95% CI 1.0–1.7]) and diesel exhaust (IRR 1.4 [95% CI 1.1–1.9]). Dose‐response relations were observed for these exposures. No consistent positive associations were found regarding exposure to asbestos, asphalt fumes, concrete dust, epoxy resins, isocyanates, metal fumes, mineral fibers, organic solvents or wood dust. In conclusion, this study provides some support to the hypothesis that specific airborne exposures increase the risk of noncardia gastric cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.