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Expression levels of the putative zinc transporter LIV‐1 are associated with a better outcome of breast cancer patients
Author(s) -
Kasper Grit,
Weiser Armin A.,
Rump Andreas,
Sparbier Katrin,
Dahl Edgar,
Hartmann Arndt,
Wild Peter,
Schwidetzky Uta,
CastañosVélez Esmeralda,
Lehmann Kerstin
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.21235
Subject(s) - breast cancer , immunohistochemistry , cancer , biology , medicine , ductal carcinoma , ca 15 3 , in situ hybridization , gene expression , oncology , cancer research , endocrinology , ca15 3 , gene , genetics
We investigated the expression pattern of the breast cancer associated gene LIV-1 on mRNA and protein level in 111 human breast cancer patients by in situ hybridization as well as immunohistochemistry and focused on the unknown potential of LIV-1 expression levels as a prognostic marker. To our knowledge, this is the first study on endogenous LIV-1 protein expression. Results of our study indicate that LIV-1 mRNA and protein expression levels are only weakly correlated, suggesting posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, LIV-1 mRNA quantity in combination with a positive ER status seem to represent a better marker than the progesterone receptor status according to the prognostic significance for relapse free survival (RFS). A negative correlation of LIV-1 protein levels with tumor size, grade and stage reflects an association of LIV-1 protein expression with less aggressive tumors. High LIV-1 protein expression seems to be associated with a longer relapse free and overall survival in breast cancer patients with invasive ductal carcinoma. This association, however, seems to be dependent from other prognostic markers. Our data suggest that LIV-1 is a promising candidate for a novel marker for breast cancer patients with better outcome. Furthermore, our study presents a revised cDNA sequence of LIV-1 and demonstrates the localization of endogenous LIV-1 in the endoplasmic reticulum.