Premium
Urinary IL‐2 assay for monitoring intravesical bacillus Calmette‐Guérin response of superficial bladder cancer during induction course and maintenance therapy
Author(s) -
Saint Fabien,
Kurth Nathalie,
Maille Pascale,
Vordos Dimitri,
Hoznek Andre,
Soyeux Pascale,
Patard Jean Jacques,
Abbou Claude C.,
Chopin Dominique K.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.11352
Subject(s) - medicine , urinary system , cytokine , urology , urinary bladder , bladder cancer , adverse effect , gastroenterology , transitional cell carcinoma , cancer , surgery , oncology
We evaluated the clinical significance of Th1(IL‐2)/Th2(IL‐10) urinary profiles during a weekly induction course lasting 6 weeks, followed by a weekly maintenance therapy schedule for 3 weeks. Urinary IL‐2 and /IL‐10 were measured by ELISA in 39 patients receiving BCG for superficial bladder cancer or carcinoma in situ. Measurements were made after each instillation of 81 mg of BCG Connaught (Immucyst) during the induction course and the 3‐week maintenance therapy (given at 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months). Cytokine levels were correlated with the risk of recurrence, progression, leukocyturia and adverse events. Median follow‐up was 35 months (range 7–72 months). Complete responses to BCG were obtained in 30 patients (77%); the remaining 9 patients relapsed (23%), and 4 of these patients progressed (10.2%). Failure to detect urinary IL‐2 during BCG induction course and the first extended induction cycle (6+3 schedule) correlated with time to recurrence ( p = 0.01) and progression ( p = 0.01). During the extended induction cycle, the first instillation was associated with an IL‐2 cytokine profile, whereas the second and third instillations were associated with a switch to an IL‐10 cytokine profile. This switch was associated with leukocyturia ( p = 0.0001) and adverse events ( p = 0.03). The 6+3 schedule is associated with urinary IL‐2 overproduction and improved recurrence‐ and progression‐free survival. During the BCG extended induction cycle, the favorable IL‐2 urinary cytokine pattern gradually switches to an IL‐10 profile, suggesting that the schedule based on 3 weekly instillations may be unsuitable for some patients and that the dose and frequency of maintenance BCG instillations may be adapted to individual urinary cytokine levels. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.