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Ionizing radiation as a response‐enhancing agent for CD95‐mediated apoptosis
Author(s) -
Sheard Michael A.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/ijc.1020
Subject(s) - fas receptor , apoptosis , programmed cell death , ionizing radiation , immune system , cell , cancer research , microbiology and biotechnology , receptor , bystander effect , suppressor , biology , immunology , cancer , irradiation , genetics , physics , nuclear physics
CD95 (Fas/APO‐1) is a death receptor on the surface of a wide variety of cell types. In most cells examined, ionizing radiation acts as a response‐enhancing agent for CD95‐mediated cell death. Although DNA‐damaging radiation appears to modulate CD95‐mediated signals through multiple mechanisms, the only well‐characterized mechanism is activation of the tumor‐suppressor protein p53, which transcriptionally regulates the expression of CD95 on various cell types. The ligand for CD95 is expressed by activated lymphocytes and natural‐killer cells, which produce factors that sensitize cells resistant to CD95‐mediated cell death. Ligation of CD95 on irradiated tumor cells might be achievable using emerging modalities that reactivate the stalled anti‐tumor immune response. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.