Open AccessVitamin D 3 supplementation of a high fat high sugar diet ameliorates prediabetic phenotype in female LDLR −/− and LDLR +/+ mice
Author(s) -
Kheder Ramiar,
Hobkirk James,
Saeed Zeayd,
Janus Justyna,
Carroll Sean,
Browning Michael J.,
Stover Cordula
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
immunity, inflammation and disease
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.918
H-Index - 18
ISSN - 2050-4527
DOI - 10.1002/iid3.154
Subject(s) - medicine , endocrinology , fatty liver , hypertriglyceridemia , hyperinsulinemia , vitamin , ldl receptor , hyperlipidemia , steatosis , insulin resistance , metabolic syndrome , vitamin d and neurology , biology , cholesterol , diabetes mellitus , triglyceride , lipoprotein , disease
Fatty liver disease is prevalent in populations with high caloric intake. Nutritherapeutic approaches are being considered, such as supplementary Vitamin D 3 , to improve aspects of metabolic syndrome, namely fatty liver disease, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance associated with obesity. Methods We analyzed female LDLR −/− and LDLR +/+ mice on a 10‐week diabetogenic diet for markers of fatty liver disease, metabolic strain, and inflammation. Results The groups on a high fat high sugar diet with supplementary Vitamin D 3 , in comparison with the groups on a high fat high sugar diet alone, showed improved transaminase levels, significantly less hypertriglyceridemia and hyperinsulinemia, and histologically, there was less pericentral hepatic steatosis. Levels of non‐esterified fatty acids and lipid peroxidation products were significantly lower in the group supplemented with additional Vitamin D 3 , as were systemic markers of inflammation (serum endotoxin and IL‐6). M2 macrophage phenotype predominated in the group supplemented with additional Vitamin D 3 . Beneficial changes were observed as early as five weeks’ supplementation with Vitamin D 3 and extended to restoration of high fat high sugar diet induced decrease of bone mineral density. Conclusion In summary, Vitamin D 3 was a significantly beneficial dietary additive to blunt a prediabetic phenotype in diet‐induced obesity of female LDLR −/− and LDLR +/+ mice.