Premium
Risk‐based prioritization of organic substances in the Canadian National Pollutant Release Inventory using an evaluative regional‐scale multimedia mass balance model
Author(s) -
Berthiaume Alicia,
Arnot Jon A.,
Toose Liisa
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
integrated environmental assessment and management
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.665
H-Index - 57
eISSN - 1551-3793
pISSN - 1551-3777
DOI - 10.1002/ieam.4601
Subject(s) - ranking (information retrieval) , pollutant , prioritization , scale (ratio) , environmental science , risk assessment , hazard , organic chemicals , emission inventory , persistent organic pollutant , computer science , environmental chemistry , chemistry , business , geography , information retrieval , process management , cartography , organic chemistry , computer security
The National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) is a Canadian inventory of facility‐reported data on releases, transfers, and disposals of over 300 pollutants, but it does not contain information on chemical properties or other characteristics critical to understanding environmental and human health risks. To reconcile this gap, we use the Risk Assessment IDentification And Ranking (RAIDAR) model to integrate NPRI release data with chemical property information in a multimedia mass balance model to combine exposure estimates with toxicity hazard data yielding an estimate of risk for 198 NPRI organic substances reported in 2010–2019. The presented case study further corroborates the hypothesis that risk‐based ranking gives rise to different chemical priorities versus ranking based on release quantity alone. Chemicals like propane and hexane (except n ‐hexane) are in the top 10 highest‐ranked organic substances based on emission quantities reported to NPRI but are ranked outside the top 10 based on corresponding regional‐scale risk estimates. On the contrary, dioxins and furans are ranked very low based on emissions quantities reported to NPRI but are ranked higher based on corresponding risk estimates. The results also suggest that although quantities of some NPRI organic pollutant releases change over time, the ensuing risk estimates are not always directly proportional to these changes. This can be explained by changes in mode of entry to the environment that can influence the overall fate and exposure of the same chemicals, highlighting the complex dynamics that can occur when simulating fate and risk as opposed to quantity alone. Limitations are discussed and recommendations are provided for improving the priority setting methods, including reducing the uncertainty of the NPRI data and the need for multimedia models to address point source emissions. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:1722–1732. © 2022 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).