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An observational study of the effectiveness and safety of intramuscular olanzapine in the treatment of acute agitation in patients with bipolar mania or schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder
Author(s) -
Centorrino Franca,
Meyers Adam L.,
Ahl Jonna,
Cincotta Stephanie L.,
Zun Leslie,
Gulliver Angela H.,
Ki Bruce J.,
Houston John P.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
human psychopharmacology: clinical and experimental
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.461
H-Index - 78
eISSN - 1099-1077
pISSN - 0885-6222
DOI - 10.1002/hup.870
Subject(s) - olanzapine , schizoaffective disorder , bipolar disorder , mania , observational study , schizophrenia (object oriented programming) , psychology , bipolar i disorder , medicine , anesthesia , psychiatry , psychosis , mood
Objective To determine the effect of intramuscular (IM) olanzapine in severely agitated patients. Methods This was an open‐label multicenter 1‐week observational study of IM olanzapine treatment in severely agitated inpatients and psychiatric emergency services with bipolar mania ( n = 22) or schizophrenia ( n = 52). Mean change from baseline to 2 h post‐first injection (LOCF) in agitation was assessed by PANSS‐Excited Component (PANSS‐EC) (score range: 5–35 points) mean change from baseline to 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min post‐first injection, and visit‐wise mean changes from mixed‐model repeated measures analysis of variance. Kaplan–Meier survival curve analyses estimated time to categorical response (rating of ≤3 points each PANSS‐EC item). Results Two hours post‐injection of olanzapine (mean dose = 9.9 mg), patients exhibited mild calmness and agitation was significantly reduced by 19.2 ± 1.0 points ( p < 0.001) (mean baseline = 29.0). Over 90% of the patients received only one injection in the first 24 h and 50% had a categorical response within 30 min. Conclusions Severely agitated patients responded rapidly after a single injection of olanzapine with mild levels of sedation and without serious treatment‐emergent adverse events. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.