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Sleep inertia following triazolam‐induced recovery sleep
Author(s) -
Balkin T. J.,
O'donnell V. M.,
Kamimori G. H.,
Redmond D. P.,
Belenky G.
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
human psychopharmacology: clinical and experimental
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.461
H-Index - 78
eISSN - 1099-1077
pISSN - 0885-6222
DOI - 10.1002/hup.470040409
Subject(s) - triazolam , anesthesia , sleep (system call) , psychology , placebo , sleep deprivation , medicine , circadian rhythm , benzodiazepine , receptor , alternative medicine , pathology , computer science , operating system
The effect of triazolam on prior‐sleep‐mediated performance deficits (sleep inertia) was assessed. On Day 1, subjects (45 healthy males, aged 18–39, tested in groups of two to four) reported to the laboratory at 0800 h, at which time electrodes were attached for continuous ambulatory recordings of EEG, EMG, EOG, and EKG. Addition tests of 3 min duration were administered at 1400, 1405, 1410, 1415, 1420, and 1425 h. After each test a Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) was given to assess self‐rated sleepiness. Subjects were then kept awake until 0800 h on Day 2, when they were administered 0·5, 0·25, 0·125 mg triazolam or placebo. Subjects attempted to sleep from 0800 to 1400, at which time they were awakened (if asleep) and again administered the addition tests and SSSs. of 45 subjects, 24 were asleep during the 5 min period prior to testing, and only these were included in the analyses. A main effect of Day indicated decrements in addition speed on Day 2, F (1,20)=10·54, p =0·004, and a Day × Test interaction indicated sleep inertia effects, F (5,100)=6·18, p =0·0001. Differential drug effects were indicated by a significant Day × Drug interaction, F (3,20)=3·19, p =0·046, and post‐hoc analyses revealed that the number of problems attempted was significantly lower on Day 2 only for the 0·5 mg triazolam group. It was concluded that sleep inertia is exacerbated by 0·5 mg triazolam.