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Association between antipsychotic treatment and leptin levels across multiple psychiatric populations: An updated meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
Ragguett ReneeMarie,
Hahn Margaret,
Messina Giovanni,
Chieffi Sergio,
Monda Marcellino,
De Luca Vincenzo
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
human psychopharmacology: clinical and experimental
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.461
H-Index - 78
eISSN - 1099-1077
pISSN - 0885-6222
DOI - 10.1002/hup.2631
Subject(s) - leptin , meta analysis , schizophrenia (object oriented programming) , antipsychotic , medicine , psychiatry , medical diagnosis , anorexia nervosa , bipolar disorder , association (psychology) , psychology , clinical psychology , obesity , cognition , eating disorders , psychotherapist , pathology
Objective Antipsychotics (APs) are associated with metabolic syndrome, with increases in leptin proposed as an underlying mechanism of AP‐induced weight gain. Currently available meta‐analyses on this topic have limited their populations of interest to those diagnosed with schizophrenia. The purpose of this meta‐analysis is to explore the relationship between leptin levels and AP use across multiple psychiatric diagnoses, and also in healthy controls. Method Systematic electronic searches were conducted using PubMed and OVID: Medline. Longitudinal studies were included if showing leptin levels before and after AP use. We included participants with any psychiatric disorders and mentally healthy participants, if exposed to AP use. The differences in leptin levels were evaluated using Hedges' g with a random effects model. Results Forty‐two studies were found (36 schizophrenia, 2 bipolar disorder, 1 anorexia nervosa, and 3 healthy controls), encompassing 66 study arms and 1,156 participants. The meta‐analysis showed that regardless of diagnoses, leptin levels increase with AP use (Hedges' g = 0.811, p ≤ .001). Conclusion Leptin increases induced by APs are present across all diagnoses. More comprehensive research is needed to understand the relationship between AP use and leptin levels across multiple diagnoses.