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Urine testing for antipsychotics: a pilot trial for a method to determine detection levels
Author(s) -
Miller Jennifer,
Wehring Heidi,
McMahon Robert P.,
DiPaula Bethany A.,
Love Raymond C.,
Morris Ayodele Antoinette,
Raley Heather,
Feldman Stephanie,
Kelly Deanna L.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
human psychopharmacology: clinical and experimental
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.461
H-Index - 78
eISSN - 1099-1077
pISSN - 0885-6222
DOI - 10.1002/hup.2482
Subject(s) - urine , risperidone , quetiapine , olanzapine , antipsychotic , haloperidol , chromatography , quetiapine fumarate , atypical antipsychotic , pharmacology , medicine , chemistry , schizophrenia (object oriented programming) , psychiatry , dopamine
Objective The goal of the present study was to demonstrate that the analytical assay of interest can detect antipsychotics in human urine specimens. Method Forty inpatients treated with haloperidol, quetiapine, risperidone, or olanzapine were recruited to participate in a one visit study. During the study visit, demographic and clinical information was collected as well as one urine sample that was forwarded to the Ameritox Laboratory and assayed for the presence of antipsychotic medications and/or metabolites. Urine samples were analyzed to determine detection sensitivity for four antipsychotic medications and their metabolites (risperidone, quetiapine, olanzapine, and/or haloperidol) using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Results All urine samples produced positive results for the antipsychotic(s) the participants were known to be taking. Urine concentrations (level of quantification) for parent drugs ranged from <25–417 ng/mL for haloperidol, <25–4017 ng/mL for quetiapine, 0–997 ng/mL for risperidone, and 57–700 ng/mL for olanzapine. Conclusion The analytical assay produced by Ameritox, Ltd using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry can qualitatively detect antipsychotics in human urine specimens. The present study highlights the potential utility of the urine assay to help monitor adherence to antipsychotic medications. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.