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Loss‐of‐function mutations in cathepsin C in two families with Papillon‐Lefèvre syndrome are associated with deficiency of serine proteinases in PMNs
Author(s) -
de Haar Susanne F.,
Jansen D. Ineke C.,
Schoenmaker Ton,
Vree Hilde De,
Everts Vincent,
Beertsen Wouter
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
human mutation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.981
H-Index - 162
eISSN - 1098-1004
pISSN - 1059-7794
DOI - 10.1002/humu.9243
Subject(s) - cathepsin c , biology , mutation , cathepsin g , elastase , neutrophil elastase , serine , loss function , genetics , gene , cathepsin , microbiology and biotechnology , immunology , enzyme , biochemistry , inflammation , phenotype , phosphorylation
Papillon‐Lefèvre syndrome (PLS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease that involves severe periodontitis and hyperkeratosis of the hand palms and foot soles. Recently it was found that PLS patients carry loss‐of‐function mutations in the gene encoding cathepsin C (CTSC). In the present study we have analyzed the CTSC gene in two unrelated families with PLS. In the first non‐consanguineous family, mutation analysis revealed the previously reported c.815G>C/p.R272P mutation. The second consanguineous family displayed a c.1213C>A mutation which resulted in the novel mutation p.H405N and is the first mutation described in the active site of the enzyme. The PLS patients had, next to the absence of cathepsin C activity in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), no activity of the three serine proteinases elastase, cathepsin G and proteinase 3. Serine proteinases are supposed to be important in both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Their absence in PLS patients could explain the inadequate defense to periodontal infection. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.