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Variants Within TSC2 Exons 25 and 31 Are Very Unlikely to Cause Clinically Diagnosable Tuberous Sclerosis
Author(s) -
Ekong Rosemary,
Nellist Mark,
HoogeveenWesterveld Marianne,
Wentink Marjolein,
Panzer Jessica,
Sparagana Steven,
Emmett Warren,
Dawson Natalie L.,
Malinge Marie Claire,
Nabbout Rima,
Carbonara Caterina,
Barberis Marco,
Padovan Sergio,
Futema Marta,
Plagnol Vincent,
Humphries Steve E.,
Migone Nicola,
Povey Sue
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
human mutation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.981
H-Index - 162
eISSN - 1098-1004
pISSN - 1059-7794
DOI - 10.1002/humu.22951
Subject(s) - tsc2 , exon , tsc1 , tuberous sclerosis , biology , alternative splicing , genetics , rna splicing , tandem exon duplication , gene , pathology , medicine , pi3k/akt/mtor pathway , apoptosis , rna
Inactivating mutations in TSC1 and TSC2 cause tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). The 2012 international consensus meeting on TSC diagnosis and management agreed that the identification of a pathogenic TSC1 or TSC2 variant establishes a diagnosis of TSC, even in the absence of clinical signs. However, exons 25 and 31 of TSC2 are subject to alternative splicing. No variants causing clinically diagnosed TSC have been reported in these exons, raising the possibility that such variants would not cause TSC. We present truncating and in‐frame variants in exons 25 and 31 in three individuals unlikely to fulfil TSC diagnostic criteria and examine the importance of these exons in TSC using different approaches. Amino acid conservation analysis suggests significantly less conservation in these exons compared with the majority of TSC2 exons, and TSC2 expression data demonstrates that the majority of TSC2 transcripts lack exons 25 and/or 31 in many human adult tissues. In vitro assay of both exons shows that neither exon is essential for TSC complex function. Our evidence suggests that variants in TSC2 exons 25 or 31 are very unlikely to cause classical TSC, although a role for these exons in tissue/stage specific development cannot be excluded.