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Somatic Mutations in Catalytic Core of POLK Reported in Prostate Cancer Alter Translesion DNA Synthesis
Author(s) -
Yadav Santosh,
Mukhopadhyay Sudurkia,
Anbalagan Muralidharan,
Makridakis Nick
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
human mutation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.981
H-Index - 162
eISSN - 1098-1004
pISSN - 1059-7794
DOI - 10.1002/humu.22820
Subject(s) - biology , polk , dna polymerase , polymerase , microbiology and biotechnology , primer (cosmetics) , genetics , mutagenesis , carcinogenesis , mutation , gene , chemistry , biochemistry , organic chemistry
DNA polymerase kappa is a Y‐family polymerase that participates to bypass the damaged DNA known as translesion synthesis (TLS) polymerase. Higher frequency of mutations in DNA polymerase kappa ( POLK ) recently been reported in prostate cancer. We sequenced entire exons of the POLK gene on genomic DNA from 40 prostate cancers and matched normal samples. We identified that 28% of patients have somatic mutations in the POLK gene of the prostate tumors. Mutations in these prostate cancers have somatic mutation spectra, which are dominated by C‐to‐T transitions. In the current study, we further investigate the effect of p.E29K, p.G154E, p.F155S, p.E430K, p.L442F, and p.E449K mutations on the biochemical properties of the polymerase in vitro, using TLS assay and nucleotide incorporation fidelity, following site‐directed mutagenesis bacterial expression, and purification of the respective polymerase variants. We report that following missense mutations p.E29K, p.G154E, p.F155S, p.E430K, and p.L442F significantly diminished the catalytic efficiencies of POLK with regard to the lesion bypass (AP site). POLK variants show extraordinarily low fidelity by misincorporating T, C, and G as compared to wild‐type variants. Taken together, these results suggest that interfering with normal polymerase kappa function by these mutations may be involved in prostate carcinogenesis.