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The expanding universe of cohesin functions: a new genome stability caretaker involved in human disease and cancer
Author(s) -
Mannini Linda,
Menga Stefania,
Musio Antonio
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
human mutation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.981
H-Index - 162
eISSN - 1098-1004
pISSN - 1059-7794
DOI - 10.1002/humu.21252
Subject(s) - cohesin , biology , establishment of sister chromatid cohesion , genome instability , genetics , chromosome instability , gene , chromosome , dna , dna damage
Cohesin is responsible for sister chromatid cohesion, ensuring the correct chromosome segregation. Beyond this role, cohesin and regulatory cohesin genes seem to play a role in preserving genome stability and gene transcription regulation. DNA damage is thought to be a major culprit for many human diseases, including cancer. Our present knowledge of the molecular basis underlying genome instability is extremely limited. Mutations in cohesin genes cause human diseases such as Cornelia de Lange syndrome and Roberts syndrome/SC phocomelia, and all the cell lines derived from affected patients show genome instability. Cohesin mutations have also been identified in colorectal cancer. Here, we will discuss the human disorders caused by alterations of cohesin function, with emphasis on the emerging role of cohesin as a genome stability caretaker. Hum Mutat 31:1–8, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.