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The Rise of Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells: From Molecular Photovoltaics to Emerging Solid‐State Photovoltaic Technologies
Author(s) -
Stojanović Marko,
FloresDiaz Natalie,
Ren Yameng,
Vlachopoulos Nikolaos,
Pfeifer Lukas,
Shen Zhongjin,
Liu Yuhang,
Zakeeruddin Shaik M.,
Milić Jovana V.,
Hagfeldt Anders
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
helvetica chimica acta
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.74
H-Index - 82
eISSN - 1522-2675
pISSN - 0018-019X
DOI - 10.1002/hlca.202000230
Subject(s) - photovoltaics , photovoltaic system , nanotechnology , dye sensitized solar cell , chemistry , solid state , engineering physics , software deployment , materials science , engineering , electrical engineering , electrode , electrolyte , software engineering
Over the past three decades, dye‐sensitized solar cells ( i. e. Grätzel cells) have evolved from a pioneering concept of molecular photovoltaics to large‐scale industrial deployment. In this review article, we provide a historical overview of the developments with a focus on the scientific advancements that have set the stage for this technology to emerge and thrive. This involves insights into the (photo)electrochemistry of the underlying processes, molecular engineering of dyes, redox shuttles, and hole‐transporting materials, as well as their implementation into solar cells. We further outline applications and future perspectives, involving the long‐lasting objective to develop efficient solid‐state alternatives to conventional dye‐sensitized solar cells.