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Inkjet‐Printed TiO 2 /Fullerene Composite Films for Planar Perovskite Solar Cells
Author(s) -
Huckaba Aron J.,
GarciaBenito Inés,
Kanda Hiroyuki,
Shibayama Naoyuki,
Oveisi Emad,
Kinge Sachin,
Nazeeruddin Mohammad K.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
helvetica chimica acta
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.74
H-Index - 82
eISSN - 1522-2675
pISSN - 0018-019X
DOI - 10.1002/hlca.202000044
Subject(s) - mesoporous material , annealing (glass) , nanotechnology , tin oxide , energy conversion efficiency , chemical engineering , fullerene , chemistry , foil method , nanoparticle , doping , materials science , optoelectronics , catalysis , composite material , organic chemistry , engineering
Perovskite solar cells have garnered and held international research interest, due to ever‐climbing power conversion efficiency values, now >25 %. Some high efficiency configurations utilize a compact TiO 2 layer underneath a mesoporous TiO 2 layer, both of which require high temperature annealing steps that could hinder perovskite commercialization. To address the high thermal budget, we chose to use inkjet‐printing to combine the two layers into a single TiO 2 film, which incorporates both nanoparticle and molecular precursor as well as organic fullerene additives. We printed the ink on fluorine‐doped tin oxide, and after annealing at various temperatures, we found that 400 °C was the optimum annealing temperature for the inkjet‐printed electron transport layers, which is significantly lower than the 500 °C required to anneal typical mesoporous TiO 2 films.