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Base Hydrolysis of (Acidato)(Pentaamine) Complexes with Inert Metal Centers: Electronic Structure of the Intermediates, Requirements for Their Formation, and the Unique Reactivity of the Complexes of Cobalt(III)
Author(s) -
Rotzinger François P.,
Weber Jacques,
Daul Claude
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
helvetica chimica acta
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.74
H-Index - 82
eISSN - 1522-2675
pISSN - 0018-019X
DOI - 10.1002/hlca.19910740613
Subject(s) - chemistry , homo/lumo , trigonal bipyramidal molecular geometry , reactivity (psychology) , deprotonation , ligand (biochemistry) , crystallography , cobalt , stereochemistry , metal , medicinal chemistry , molecule , inorganic chemistry , crystal structure , organic chemistry , medicine , ion , biochemistry , alternative medicine , receptor , pathology
Molecular‐orbital calculations have been performed for the conjugate base cis ‐[Co(NH 3 ) 4 (NH 2 )Cl] + and trans ‐[M(NH 3 ) 4 (NH 2 )Cl] + (M = Cr III , Co III , and Rh III ), the hexacoordinated intermediates cis‐ and trans ‐[Co(NH 3 ) 4 (NH 2 )…Cl] + , the square‐pyramidal and trigonal bipyramidal pentacoordinated intermediates apical ‐[Co(NH 3 ) 4 (NH 2 )] 2+ , basal ‐[Co(NH 3 ) 4 (NH 2 )] 2+ , and equatorial ‐[M(NH 3 ) 4 (NH 2 )] 2 + (M = Co and Rh), respectively, using modified extended Hückel and SCF MS‐Xα methods. The LUMO of the conjugate bases is an antibonding metal centered d ρ* orbital which is stabilized during the dissociative activation of the MCl bond. For the above conjugate bases, separations of the highest doubly occupied MO (HDOMO) and the LUMO of 1.3, 2.5, 1.8, and 2.5 eV, respectively, have been calculated using the SCF MS‐Xα model. Only in the conjugate base cis ‐[Co(NH 3 ) 4 (NH 2 )Cl] + with the smallest HDOMO — LUMO gap, the singlet electronic structure of the ground state may be stabilized by changing into a triplet when the CoCl bond is activated. This situation is unique to (acidato)(pentaamine)cobalt(III) complexes with deprotonated amine ligand cis to the leaving group and the reason for the existence of intermediates and their reactivity as well. Base hydrolysis of the analogues Cr III and Rh III complexes – the latter taken to represent the second‐ and third‐row transition‐metal amines – is unlikely to proceed via intermediates; a concerted substitution process is expected to take place.