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Die Phloroglucide von zwei Farnhybriden aus England und Schottland, von authentischem «Aspidium remotum» A. B RAUN und von Dryopteris aemula (A ITON ) O. K UNTZE aus Irland
Author(s) -
Widén CarlJohan,
Lounasmaa Mauri,
Jermy A. Clive,
Euw Josef V.,
Reichstein Tadeus
Publication year - 1976
Publication title -
helvetica chimica acta
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.74
H-Index - 82
eISSN - 1522-2675
pISSN - 0018-019X
DOI - 10.1002/hlca.19760590532
Subject(s) - dryopteris , herbarium , chemistry , fern , hybrid , botany , biology
‘The phloroglucinols of two fern hybrids from England and Scotland, of authentic ‘ Aspidium remotum ’ A. B RAUN and of Dryopteris aemula (A ITON ) O. K UNTZE from Ireland’. The phloroglucinols of Dryopteris aemula (A ITON ) O. K UNTZE from Ireland, of two Dryopteris hybrids from England ( D. x brathaica F RASER ‐J ENKINS et R EICHST . (in preparation) and D. x pseudo‐abbreviata J ERMY ) and of a sample of A. B RAUN'S original collection of ‘ Aspidium remotum ’ (= D. remota (A. B R .) D RUCE ) have been analysed. D. aemula from Ireland gave the same results as plants recently obtained from the Azores, England, Madeira and northern France. D. x brathaica , a tetraploid hybrid found only once (1854) in England (Windermere), but still surviving in cultivation (in Oxford Botanic Garden), has long been confused with triploid apogamous D. remota , and until recently there has been some uncertainty as to which of the two plants the name D. remota (A. B R. ) D RUCE should correctly be applied to. For morphological geographical and cytological reasons it has been assumed that D. x brathaica could be the hybrid of D. carthusiana (V ILL. ) H. P. F UCHS x D. filix‐mas ( L. ) S CHOTT. The chemical results are in accordance with this assumption. Also the phloroglucinols of D. x brathaica are different from those of the triploid D. remota. It is therefore possible to differentiate between old herbarium specimens of these two morphologically very similar plants by means of chemical methods, even when no fresh material is available for spore examination or cytological investigation. Chemical analysis of a piece of A. B RAUN'S original collection of ‘ Aspidium remotum ’ (deposited in Berlin) clearly showed that it contained exactly the same phlorglucinols as the triploid taxon. We consider this to be additional and final proof that the name D. remota is correctly attributed to the triploid apogamous taxon. D. pseudo‐abbreviata was assumed to be a hybrid of D. aemula x D. oreades Fomin (= D. abbreviata (DC.) N EWM. ). Our chemical results strongly support the hypothesis that D. aemula is indeed one parent; they are less unequivocal for the second as they would fit not only for D. oreades but equally for D. pseudo‐mas (W OLLASTON ) H OLUB et P OUZAR (= D. borreri N EWM. ). Spore morphology is more compatible with the latter. Improved methods are given for separating natural phloroglucinols on TLC. This allowed corrections of former results and led to the detection that the compound present in D. inaequalis [4r] and D. sacrosancta [4w] assumed to be trisaspidinol ( 8 in [4r]) in reality was trispara‐aspidin ( 14 in [4e]). This was confirmed by its NMR. spectrum and reductive cleavage.