Die Molrefraktion von Aquo‐Ionen metallischer Elemente und die Auswertung von Lichtbrechungsmessungen in der anorganischen Chemie

It is shown that molar polarisabilities α of aqueous solutions of electrolytes previously measured by H EYDWEILLER and other authors, and here of lanthanide (III) and bismuth (III) perchlorates, can be brought in much better agreement with α values for crystalline substances than usually thought, and that additivity of α for each constituent is a remarkably good approximation, except in the case of complexes having very intense electron transfer bands. In an isoelectronic series, α normally decreases from M(I) to M(II) but frequently increases in direction of M(III) and M(IV). The oscillator strength and contributions from inner shells are discussed, and an effect of half‐filled shells on excitation energies pointed out.