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CCR2 promotes hepatic fibrosis in mice
Author(s) -
Seki Ekihiro,
de Minicis Samuele,
Inokuchi Sayaka,
Taura Kojiro,
Miyai Katsumi,
van Rooijen Nico,
Schwabe Robert F.,
Brenner David A.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
hepatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.488
H-Index - 361
eISSN - 1527-3350
pISSN - 0270-9139
DOI - 10.1002/hep.22952
Subject(s) - ccr2 , hepatic fibrosis , chemokine , hepatic stellate cell , ccl2 , fibrosis , monocyte , kupffer cell , biology , chemokine receptor , cancer research , cd14 , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , receptor , endocrinology , immunology , inflammation
Chemokines and chemokine receptors contribute to the migration of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and Kupffer cells, two key cell types in fibrogenesis. Here, we investigate the role of CCR2, the receptor for monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)‐1, MCP‐2, and MCP‐3, in hepatic fibrosis. Hepatic CCR2, MCP‐1, MCP‐2, and MCP‐3 messenger RNA expression was increased after bile duct ligation (BDL). Both Kupffer cells and HSCs, but not hepatocytes, expressed CCR2. BDL‐ and CCl 4 ‐induced fibrosis was markedly reduced in CCR2 −/− mice as assessed through collagen deposition, α‐smooth muscle actin expression, and hepatic hydroxyproline content. We generated CCR2 chimeric mice by the combination of clodronate, irradiation, and bone marrow (BM) transplantation allowing full reconstitution of Kupffer cells, but not HSCs, with BM cells. Chimeric mice containing wild‐type BM displayed increased macrophage recruitment, whereas chimeric mice containing CCR2 −/− BM showed less macrophage recruitment at 5 days after BDL. Although CCR2 expressed in the BM enhanced macrophage recruitment in early phases of injury, CCR2 expression on resident liver cells including HSCs, but not on the BM, was required for fibrogenic responses in chronic fibrosis models. In vitro experiments demonstrated that HSCs deficient in CCR2 −/− or its downstream mediator p47phox −/− did not display extracellular signal‐regulated kinase and AKT phosphorylation, chemotaxis, or reactive oxygen species production in response to MCP‐1, MCP‐2, and MCP‐3. Conclusion: Our results indicate that CCR2 promotes HSC chemotaxis and the development of hepatic fibrosis. (H EPATOLOGY 2009.)