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Differential effects of chenodeoxycholic and ursodeoxycholic acids on interleukin 1, interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor–α production by monocytes
Author(s) -
Calmus Yvon,
Guechot Jerome,
Podevin Philippe,
Bonnefis MarieTherese,
Giboudeau Jacqueline,
Poupon Raoul
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
hepatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.488
H-Index - 361
eISSN - 1527-3350
pISSN - 0270-9139
DOI - 10.1002/hep.1840160317
Subject(s) - ursodeoxycholic acid , chenodeoxycholic acid , medicine , bile acid , monokine , endocrinology , tumor necrosis factor alpha , cholic acid , interleukin , lithocholic acid , biology , cytokine , chemistry
Cell‐mediated immunity and macrophage activity, especially that of Kupffer cells, are impaired during cholestasis. Some evidence exists that bile acids play a role in these immune defects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of individual bile acids on immunity and to determine whether monocytes could be a target. We assessed the effects of chenodeoxycholic acid, an endogenous bile acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, which has been shown to partially correct the immunological abnormalities observed in primary biliary cirrhosis, and their tauroconjugates on the production of interleukin‐1, interleukin‐6 and tumor necrosis factor–α. Chenodeoxycholic acid had a dose‐dependent inhibitory effect on interleukin‐1 (inhibitory concentration 50% = 60 m̈mol/L), interleukin‐6 (inhibitory concentration 50% = 80 m̈mol/L) and tumor necrosis factor–α (inhibitory concentration 50% = 80 m̈mol/L) production; inhibition was almost complete at 250 m̈mol/L. In contrast, ursodeoxycholic acid had lesser or minimal inhibitory effects (inhibitory concentration 50% = 100 m̈mol/L for interleukin‐1 and above 200 m̈mol/L for interleukin‐6 and tumor necrosis factor–α). The inhibitory effects of taurochenodeoxycholic acid and tauroursodeoxycholic acid were similar to those of chenodeoxycholic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid, respectively. Ursodeoxycholic acid did not reverse the chenodeoxycholic acid–induced inhibition of interleukin‐6 or tumor necrosis factor–α production. In conclusion, chenodeoxycholic acid exerts strong inhibitory effects on monocyte activity in vitro , whereas the effects of ursodeoxycholic acid are minor. (H EPATOLOGY 1992;16:719–723.)