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Botulinum a toxin for spasmodic torticollis: Multiple vs single injection points per muscle
Author(s) -
Borodic Gary E.,
Pearce L. Bruce,
Smith Karen,
Joseph Michael
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
head and neck
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.012
H-Index - 127
eISSN - 1097-0347
pISSN - 1043-3074
DOI - 10.1002/hed.2880140108
Subject(s) - spasmodic torticollis , torticollis , medicine , botulinum toxin , range of motion , deformity , muscle hypertrophy , cervical dystonia , anesthesia , surgery , physical medicine and rehabilitation
Eighty‐six injections in 49 patients with adult onset spasmodic torticollis were evaluated for efficacy with respect to single point per muscle versus multiple point per muscle injection techniques. Parameters of the syndrome assessed were pain, posture deformity, range of cervical motion, disfigurement, cervical muscle hypertrophy, activity limitation, and degree of involuntary movement. The multiple point per muscle injection strategy appeared superior to the single injection per muscle technique with respect to pain ( p < 0.002, chi‐square), posture deformity ( p < 0.001), range of motion ( p < 0.001), and improvement in activity endurance ( p < 0.001). No significant differences were noted with respect to cervical muscle hypertrophy or degree of involuntary movements, although the injections were considered beneficial in both groups to these syndrome components.