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Neoadjuvant chemotherapy improves survival compared with concurrent chemoradiation alone in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with N3 disease
Author(s) -
Han James E.,
Yi Sun K.,
Wang Steven,
Erman Audrey,
Bearelly Shethal,
Sindhu Simran,
Robbins Jared R.,
Bauman Julie,
Hsu Charles C.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
head and neck
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.012
H-Index - 127
eISSN - 1097-0347
pISSN - 1043-3074
DOI - 10.1002/hed.25955
Subject(s) - medicine , nasopharyngeal carcinoma , hazard ratio , oncology , proportional hazards model , chemotherapy , multivariate analysis , cohort , propensity score matching , cancer , radiation therapy , confidence interval
Background Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) trials in endemic regions of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) found improved survival, but studies are lacking in nonendemic regions. We assessed whether adding NAC to concurrent chemoradiation (CRT) improves overall survival (OS), especially in high‐risk nonendemic patients. Methods Definitively treated NPC patients (n = 5424) from the National Cancer Database were analyzed for predictors of NAC and NAC effects on OS with multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis (multivariate analysis [MVA]). Propensity score matched (1:2) survival analysis of NAC (n = 968) and CRT alone (n = 1914) was also performed. Effects on OS were stratified by risk group. Results On MVA, NAC‐improved OS among the total cohort (hazard ratio [HR] 0.89, P = .049), particularly among stratified keratinizing histology (HR 0.82, P = .015) and N3 disease (HR 0.73, P = .046). Among propensity matched patients, NAC improved OS in patients with N3 disease (n = 336; HR 0.71, P = .046). Conclusions NAC may improve OS among nonendemic NPC patients at higher risk of distant micrometastases, particularly N3 disease and those with unfavorable histology.