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Prediction of follicular thyroid carcinoma associated with distant metastasis in the preoperative and postoperative model
Author(s) -
Kim Hankyul,
Shin Jung Hee,
Hahn Soo Yeon,
Oh Young Lyun,
Kim Sun Wook,
Park Ko Woon,
Lim Yaeji
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
head and neck
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.012
H-Index - 127
eISSN - 1097-0347
pISSN - 1043-3074
DOI - 10.1002/hed.25721
Subject(s) - medicine , distant metastasis , calcification , nodule (geology) , metastasis , thyroid carcinoma , radiology , histology , ultrasound , logistic regression , carcinoma , thyroid , pathology , cancer , biology , paleontology
Abstract Background Only clinicopathological findings are reported for predicting follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) associated with distant metastasis, and preoperative ultrasound (US) findings are unknown. Methods Associations between distant metastases of FTC and predicting factors were evaluated by using logistic regression analysis in the preoperative and postoperative models. Results Distant metastasis was present in 37 (11.5%) of the 321 patients with FTC. In the preoperative model, independent predictors of distant metastasis were age, marked hypoechogenicity, nodule‐in‐nodule appearance, and rim calcification on US. Postoperative predictors were marked hypoechogenicity, rim calcification, and widely invasive histology. Sensitivities, specificities, and the area under the curves for predicting distant metastasis were 86.5%, 80.3%, and 0.889 on preoperative status and 86.5%, 78.5%, and 0.908 on postoperative status. Although not statistically significant, all four patients with gross extrathyroidal extension had metastasis. Conclusion Age, ultrasound features, and widely invasive histology allow preoperative and postoperative prediction of FTC associated with distant metastasis.