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Tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, betel quid chewing, and the risk of head and neck cancer in an East Asian population
Author(s) -
Lee YuanChin Amy,
Li Shuang,
Chen Yuji,
Li Qian,
Chen ChienJen,
Hsu WanLun,
Lou PeiJen,
Zhu Cairong,
Pan Jian,
Shen Hongbing,
Ma Hongxia,
Cai Lin,
He Baochang,
Wang Yu,
Zhou Xiaoyan,
Ji Qinghai,
Zhou Baosen,
Wu Wei,
Ma Jie,
Boffetta Paolo,
Zhang ZuoFeng,
Dai Min,
Hashibe Mia
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
head and neck
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.012
H-Index - 127
eISSN - 1097-0347
pISSN - 1043-3074
DOI - 10.1002/hed.25383
Subject(s) - medicine , odds ratio , betel , head and neck cancer , population , confidence interval , risk factor , cancer , chewing tobacco , incidence (geometry) , logistic regression , demography , environmental health , physics , structural engineering , optics , sociology , nut , engineering
Background The smoking prevalence among men in China is high, but the head and neck cancer incidence rates are low. This study's purpose was to investigate the impact of tobacco, betel quid, and alcohol on head and neck cancer risk in East Asia. Methods A multicenter case‐control study (921 patients with head and neck cancer and 806 controls) in East Asia was conducted. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using logistic regression. Results Head and neck cancer risks were elevated for tobacco (OR = 1.58), betel quid (OR = 8.23), and alcohol (OR = 2.29). The total attributable risk of tobacco and/or alcohol was 47.2%. Tobacco/alcohol appeared to account for a small proportion of head and neck cancer among women (attributable risk of 2.2%). Betel quid chewing alone accounted for 28.7% of head and neck cancer. Conclusions Betel quid chewing is the strongest risk factor for oral cavity cancer in this Chinese population. Alcohol may play a larger role for head and neck cancer in this population than in European or U.S. populations.