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p16 expression as a surrogate marker for HPV‐related oropharyngeal carcinoma: A guide for interpretative relevance and consistency
Author(s) -
ElNaggar Adel K.,
Westra William H.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
head and neck
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.012
H-Index - 127
eISSN - 1097-0347
pISSN - 1043-3074
DOI - 10.1002/hed.21974
Subject(s) - head and neck squamous cell carcinoma , immunohistochemistry , expression (computer science) , relevance (law) , head and neck cancer , perspective (graphical) , oncology , human papillomavirus , consistency (knowledge bases) , head and neck , medicine , cancer , computer science , artificial intelligence , surgery , political science , law , programming language
Recent studies of oropharyngeal carcinoma have reported remarkable correlation between integrated human papillomavirus (HPV) viral detection and p16 protein overexpression in tumor cells. These findings led to calls for the substitution of p16 expression for the more demanding HPV testing in clinical practice. The rationale for such practice is largely driven by the simplicity, low cost, and the feasibility of the immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. There are, however, several caveats that need to be fully considered. These include the subjective nature of IHC evaluation, the variable mechanisms of p16 expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and the lack of scoring and interpretive criteria. This perspective addresses the conceptual and practical issues associated with the p16 expression analysis and provides a broad outline for its application and evaluation in patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012