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CT cross‐sectional imaging classification system for substernal goiter based on risk factors for an extracervical surgical approach
Author(s) -
Mercante Giuseppe,
Gabrielli Enrico,
Pedroni Corrado,
Formisano Debora,
Bertolini Laura,
Nicoli Franco,
Valcavi Roberto,
Barbieri Verter
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
head and neck
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.012
H-Index - 127
eISSN - 1097-0347
pISSN - 1043-3074
DOI - 10.1002/hed.21539
Subject(s) - medicine , goiter , malignancy , radiology , aortic arch , thyroidectomy , surgery , thyroid , aorta
Background The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for surgical extracervical approach in patients with substernal goiter. We used a novel classification system based on CT scan cross‐sectional imaging (CSI) reconstruction. Methods Medical records of 4297 patients with thyroid disease operated on at our department were reviewed. A CSI classification system defined substernal goiter in the cranio‐caudal dimension as: grade 1 (above aortic arch), grade 2 (level of aortic arch), and grade 3 (below aortic arch); in the anteroposterior dimension as type A (prevascular), type B (retrovascular‐paratracheal), and type C (retrotracheal); in the latero‐lateral dimension as: monolateral or bilateral. Results The prevalence of substernal goiter was 222 of 4297 cases (5.1%). Fifteen of 222 cases (6.7%) required an extracervical approach due to grade ≥2 and/or type C substernal goiter (14 of 15 cases). Ten of 15 patients had malignancy. Conclusion The CT‐CSI classification system allows us to identify risk factors for extracervical surgical approach in substernal goiter. They are grade ≥2, type C substernal goiter, and malignancy. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011