Open AccessFunctional principal component analysis of fMRI data
Author(s) -
Viviani Roberto,
Grön Georg,
Spitzer Manfred
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
human brain mapping
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.005
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1097-0193
pISSN - 1065-9471
DOI - 10.1002/hbm.20074
Subject(s) - principal component analysis , functional principal component analysis , voxel , functional magnetic resonance imaging , functional data analysis , artificial intelligence , pattern recognition (psychology) , nonparametric statistics , computer science , cluster analysis , independent component analysis , mathematics , machine learning , psychology , statistics , neuroscience
We describe a principal component analysis (PCA) method for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data based on functional data analysis, an advanced nonparametric approach. The data delivered by the fMRI scans are viewed as continuous functions of time sampled at the interscan interval and subject to observational noise, and are used accordingly to estimate an image in which smooth functions replace the voxels. The techniques of functional data analysis are used to carry out PCA directly on these functions. We show that functional PCA is more effective than is its ordinary counterpart in recovering the signal of interest, even if limited or no prior knowledge of the form of hemodynamic function or the structure of the experimental design is specified. We discuss the rationale and advantages of the proposed approach relative to other exploratory methods, such as clustering or independent component analysis, as well as the differences from methods based on expanded design matrices. Hum Brain Mapp 24:109–129, 2005. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.