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Posteruption chemical evolution of a volcanic caldera lake: Karymsky Lake, Kamchatka
Author(s) -
Taran Yuri,
Inguaggiato Salvatore,
Cardellini Carlo,
Karpov Gennady
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1002/grl.50961
Subject(s) - caldera , geology , volcano , crater lake , dilution , geochemistry , hydrology (agriculture) , chemical composition , mineralogy , salinity , geomorphology , oceanography , chemistry , physics , geotechnical engineering , organic chemistry , thermodynamics
The 1996 short‐lived subaqueous eruption at the Karymsky caldera lake suddenly changed the composition of the lake water. The lake, with a surface area of ~10 km 2 and a volume of ~0.5 km 3 , became acidic, increased its salinity to ~1000 mg/kg, and became dominated by SO 4 2− and Ca 2+ . Since the eruption, the lake chemistry has evolved in a predictable manner described by simple box model. As a result of dilution by incoming SO 4 ‐Ca‐Mg‐poor water, SO 4 , Ca, and Mg concentrations follow a simple exponential decrease with a characteristic time close to the residence time of the lake. Na, K, and Cl decrease relatively significantly slower, indicating a continuing input of these constituents into the lake that was initiated during the eruption. Thus, the dynamics of two groups of lake water solutes can be predicted by a simple box model for water and solute mass balance.