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Impact of atmospheric transport on the evolution of microphysical and optical properties of Saharan dust
Author(s) -
Ryder C. L.,
Highwood E. J.,
Lai T. M.,
Sodemann H.,
Marsham J. H.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1002/grl.50482
Subject(s) - mineral dust , atmospheric sciences , albedo (alchemy) , environmental science , atmospheric dust , particle size distribution , single scattering albedo , earth's energy budget , aerosol , asian dust , climatology , radiation , particle size , geology , meteorology , physics , art , paleontology , quantum mechanics , performance art , art history
Saharan dust affects the climate by altering the radiation balance and by depositing minerals to the Atlantic Ocean. Both are dependent on particle size. We present aircraft measurements comprising 42 profiles of size distribution (0.1–300 µm), representing freshly uplifted dust, regional aged dust, and dust in the Saharan Air Layer (SAL) over the Canary Islands. The mean effective diameter of dust in SAL profiles is 4.5 µm smaller than that in freshly uplifted dust, while the vertical structure changes from a low shallow layer (0–1.5 km) to a well‐mixed deep Saharan dust layer (0–5 km). Size distributions show a loss of 60 to 90% of particles larger than 30 µm 12 h after uplift. The single scattering albedo (SSA) increases from 0.92 to 0.94 to 0.95 between fresh, aged, and SAL profiles: this is enough to alter heating rates by 26%. Some fresh dust close to the surface shows SSA as low as 0.85.