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A pilot randomized controlled trial of hearing aids to improve mood and cognition in older adults
Author(s) -
Brewster Katharine K.,
Pavlicova Martina,
Stein Alexandra,
Chen Mei,
Chen Chen,
Brown Patrick J.,
Roose Steven P.,
Kim Ana H.,
Golub Justin S.,
Brickman Adam,
Galatioto Jessica,
Kuhlmey Megan,
Rutherford Bret R.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
international journal of geriatric psychiatry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.28
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1166
pISSN - 0885-6230
DOI - 10.1002/gps.5311
Subject(s) - randomized controlled trial , blinding , mood , hearing loss , audiology , medicine , depression (economics) , major depressive disorder , psychology , psychiatry , physical therapy , economics , macroeconomics
Objectives Age‐related hearing loss (ARHL) is a prevalent condition associated with increased risk for depression and cognitive decline. This 12‐week prospective, double‐blind pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) of hearing aids (HAs) for depressed older adults with ARHL evaluated the feasibility of a novel research design. Methods/Design N = 13 individuals aged ≥60 years with Major Depressive Disorder or Persistent Depressive Disorder and at least mild hearing loss (pure tone average ≥ 30 dB) were randomized to receive full‐ (active) vs low‐amplification (sham) HAs added to psychiatric treatment as usual. Duration of HA use in hours/day, adverse events frequency, attrition rate, and maintenance of the study blinding were the primary outcome measures. Results Compliance with HAs was excellent (>9 hours/day for both groups) and rates of adverse events and drop‐outs did not differ between groups. Preliminary data demonstrated differential improvement for active vs sham HAs on hearing functioning (Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly [nonparametric effect size (np‐ES) = 0.62]), depressive symptoms (Inventory for Depressive Symptomatology [np‐ES = 0.31]), cognition (Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status Immediate Memory [np‐ES = 0.25]), and general functioning (World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule [np‐ES = 0.53]). Significantly greater than 50% of both groups correctly guessed their treatment assignment, indicating incomplete concealment of treatment allocation. Conclusions This pilot RCT for ARHL and late‐life depression was feasible to execute and showed clinical promise, but improved methods of blinding the experimental treatments are needed. Larger studies should investigate whether hearing remediation may be an effective preventative and/or therapeutic strategy for late‐life depression and cognitive decline.