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ApoE4 is not associated with depression when mild cognitive impairment is considered
Author(s) -
Nose Mayumi,
Kodama Chiine,
Ikejima Chiaki,
Mizukami Katsuyoshi,
Matsuzaki Asaki,
Tanaka Shiro,
Yoshimura Atsuko,
Yasuno Fumihiko,
Asada Takashi
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
international journal of geriatric psychiatry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.28
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1166
pISSN - 0885-6230
DOI - 10.1002/gps.3803
Subject(s) - depression (economics) , geriatric depression scale , odds ratio , mood , dementia , psychology , major depressive episode , population , logistic regression , medicine , cognition , psychiatry , depressive symptoms , macroeconomics , disease , environmental health , economics
Objective The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between apolipoprotein E4 allele (ApoE4) and depression among an older Japanese population. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was taken into consideration. Methods This is a community‐based cross‐sectional study. We assessed the mood and cognitive function of Japanese community‐dwelling individuals aged 65 years or older. In the first phase of the study, we evaluated the mood and cognitive function. In the second phase, face‐to‐face structured interviews were conducted. Individuals with dementia and other mental diseases were excluded on the basis of a consensus meeting of psychiatrists and neuropsychologists; 738 subjects with full data were included in the analyses. We subdivided depression into major depressive episode (MDE) and depressive symptoms cases (DSCs). DSC was defined as a score of 6 or more on the Geriatric Depression Scale but not having a diagnosis of MDE. The relationship between depression (MDE and DSC) and ApoE4 was examined by multivariate logistic regression. Results The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of ApoE4 on DSC was not significant (OR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.48–1.39, p < 0.46). Sex (OR = 2.53, 95%CI = 1.33–4.79, p < 0.01), MCI (1.95, 1.21–3.14, p < 0.01), years of education (0.87, 0.79–0.95, p < 0.01), and Nishimura's activities of daily living scores (0.75, 0.63–0.89, p < 0.01) significantly correlated with prevalence of DSC. There were no significant risk factors for MDE. Conclusion Apolipoprotein E4 allele contributed to neither DSC nor MDE. The association of MCI with ApoE4 and DSC suggested that MCI is a confounder for the association between ApoE4 and DSC. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.