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GLAST‐CreER T2 mediated deletion of GDNF increases brain damage and exacerbates long‐term stroke outcomes after focal ischemic stroke in mouse model
Author(s) -
Zhang Nannan,
Zhang Zhe,
He Rui,
Li Hailong,
Ding Shinghua
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
glia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.954
H-Index - 164
eISSN - 1098-1136
pISSN - 0894-1491
DOI - 10.1002/glia.23848
Subject(s) - glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor , neurotrophic factors , astrogliosis , astrocyte , neurogenesis , biology , oxidative stress , endocrinology , neuroscience , receptor , central nervous system , biochemistry
Focal ischemic stroke (FIS) is a leading cause of human death. Glial scar formation largely caused by reactive astrogliosis in peri‐infarct region (PIR) is the hallmark of FIS. Glial cell‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) was originally isolated from a rat glioma cell‐line supernatant and is a potent survival neurotrophic factor. Here, using CreER T2 –LoxP recombination technology, we generated inducible and astrocyte‐specific GDNF conditional knockout (cKO), that is, GLAST‐GDNF −/− cKO mice to investigate the effect of reactive astrocytes (RAs)‐derived GDNF on neuronal death, brain damage, oxidative stress and motor function recovery after photothrombosis (PT)‐induced FIS. Under non‐ischemic conditions, we found that adult GLAST‐GDNF −/− cKO mice exhibited significant lower numbers of Brdu+, Ki67+ cells, and DCX+ cells in the dentate gyrus (DG) in hippocampus than GDNF floxed (GDNF f/f ) control (Ctrl) mice, indicating endogenous astrocytic GDNF can promote adult neurogenesis. Under ischemic conditions, GLAST‐GDNF −/− cKO mice had a significant increase in infarct volume, hippocampal damage and FJB+ degenerating neurons after PT as compared with the Ctrl mice. GLAST‐GDNF −/− cKO mice also had lower densities of Brdu+ and Ki67+ cells in the PIR and exhibited larger behavioral deficits than the Ctrl mice. Mechanistically, GDNF deficiency in astrocytes increased oxidative stress through the downregulation of glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in RAs. In summary, our study indicates that RAs‐derived endogenous GDNF plays important roles in reducing brain damage and promoting brain recovery after FIS through neural regeneration and suggests that promoting anti‐oxidant mechanism in RAs is a potential strategy in stroke therapy.