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The intellectual disability protein Oligophrenin‐1 controls astrocyte morphology and migration
Author(s) -
Pillet LaureElise,
Cresto Noémie,
Saillour Yoann,
Ghézali Grégory,
Bemelmans AlexisPierre,
Livet Jean,
Bienvenu Thierry,
Rouach Nathalie,
Billuart Pierre
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
glia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.954
H-Index - 164
eISSN - 1098-1136
pISSN - 0894-1491
DOI - 10.1002/glia.23801
Subject(s) - astrocyte , biology , rhoa , neuroscience , microbiology and biotechnology , neuronal migration , cytoskeleton , central nervous system , cell , signal transduction , genetics
Astrocytes are involved in several aspects of neuronal development and properties which are altered in intellectual disability (ID). Oligophrenin‐1 is a RhoGAP protein implicated in actin cytoskeleton regulation, and whose mutations are associated with X‐linked ID. Oligophrenin‐1 is expressed in neurons, where its functions have been widely reported at the synapse, as well as in glial cells. However, its roles in astrocytes are still largely unexplored. Using in vitro and in vivo models of oligophrenin1 disruption in astrocytes, we found that oligophrenin1 regulates at the molecular level the RhoA/ROCK/MLC2 pathway in astroglial cells. We also showed at the cellular level that oligophrenin1 modulates astrocyte morphology and migration both in vitro and in vivo, and is involved in glial scar formation. Altogether, these data suggest that oligophrenin1 deficiency alters not only neuronal but also astrocytic functions, which might contribute to the development of ID.