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Comparative electrophysiology of retinal Müller glial cells—A survey on vertebrate species
Author(s) -
Pannicke Thomas,
Chao T. Ivo,
Reisenhofer Miriam,
Francke Mike,
Reichenbach Andreas
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
glia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.954
H-Index - 164
eISSN - 1098-1136
pISSN - 0894-1491
DOI - 10.1002/glia.23082
Subject(s) - biology , electrophysiology , ion channel , glutamate receptor , vertebrate , neuroscience , membrane potential , patch clamp , retina , muller glia , microbiology and biotechnology , neuroglia , ligand gated ion channel , aquaporin , central nervous system , biochemistry , receptor , progenitor cell , stem cell , gene
Müller cells are the dominant macroglial cells in the retina of all vertebrates. They fulfill a variety of functions important for retinal physiology, among them spatial buffering of K + ions and uptake of glutamate and other neurotransmitters. To this end, Müller cells express inwardly rectifying K + channels and electrogenic glutamate transporters. Moreover, a lot of voltage‐ and ligand‐gated ion channels, aquaporin water channels, and electrogenic transporters are expressed in Müller cells, some of them in a species‐specific manner. For example, voltage‐dependent Na + channels are found exclusively in some but not all mammalian species. Whereas a lot of data exist from amphibians and mammals, the results from other vertebrates are sparse. It is the aim of this review to present a survey on Müller cell electrophysiology covering all classes of vertebrates. The focus is on functional studies, mainly performed using the whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique. However, data about the expression of membrane channels and transporters from immunohistochemistry are also included. Possible functional roles of membrane channels and transporters are discussed. Obviously, electrophysiological properties involved in the main functions of Müller cells developed early in vertebrate evolution. GLIA 2017;65:533–568

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