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Astrocytes in cerebral ischemic injury: Morphological and general considerations
Author(s) -
Panickar Kiran S.,
Norenberg Michael D.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
glia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.954
H-Index - 164
eISSN - 1098-1136
pISSN - 0894-1491
DOI - 10.1002/glia.20181
Subject(s) - synaptogenesis , biology , microglia , neurogenesis , neuroscience , excitotoxicity , ischemia , ischemic injury , neuroprotection , homeostasis , inflammation , immunology , medicine , glutamate receptor , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , receptor
Asrocytic responses constitute one of the earliest and most prominent changes in the CNS following ischemic injury. Astrocytes are known to carry out critical functions such as maintenance of ionic homeostasis, prevention of excitotoxicity, scavenging free radicals, provision of nutrients and growth factors, promotion of neovascularization, and support of synaptogenesis and neurogenesis that potentially may influence the outcome of ischemic injury. This article reviews ischemia‐associated alterations in astrocytes and their potential significance. Interactions with neurons, microglia, and endothelial cells are also considered. This article highlights the critical role of astrocytes in the CNS response to ischemic injury. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.