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Integrated approach of lithofacies and granulometric analysis of the sediments of the Proterozoic Upper Kaimur Group of Vindhyan Supergroup, Son Valley, India: Palaeo‐environmental implications
Author(s) -
Quasim Mohammad A.,
Ghosh Sumit K.,
Ahmad Abul Hasnat Masood,
Srivastava Vineet Kumar,
Albaroot Mohammed
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
geological journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.721
H-Index - 54
eISSN - 1099-1034
pISSN - 0072-1050
DOI - 10.1002/gj.3781
Subject(s) - facies , fluvial , geology , sedimentary depositional environment , sediment , group (periodic table) , tidal flat , proterozoic , geomorphology , geochemistry , paleontology , structural basin , tectonics , chemistry , organic chemistry
Two major facies associations are identified in the Upper Kaimur Group of the Son Valley, namely, tidally influenced fluvial channel facies association and tidal sand flat association. Lithofacies supports the Dhandraul Sandstone as the product of a tidally‐influenced fluvial channel and the underlying Scarp Sandstone as a tidal sand flat, which endorse a tide‐dominated estuarine setting. Grain size analysis shows that most of the sandstone samples are medium‐ to coarse‐grained and only small fractions are of fine‐ and very fine‐grained categories. In general, sediments are moderately well sorted, near‐symmetrical to fine‐skewed and leptokurtic to mesokurtic in nature, suggesting deposition under fluctuating energy conditions in different geomorphic domains from a tidally‐influenced fluvial channel to beach settings. Bivariant plots combining the textural parameters imply that marine processes dominate over fluvial processes in the Upper Kaimur Group sediments. Cumulative curves and C–M plot suggest sediment transport mainly by saltation and bottom suspension processes under varying energy conditions.