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The relationship between economic growth, renewable and nonrenewable energy use and CO 2 emissions: empirical evidences for Brazil
Author(s) -
Amarante José Carlos Araújo,
Besarria Cássio da Nóbrega,
Souza Helson Gomes de,
dos Anjos Junior Otoniel Rodrigues
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
greenhouse gases: science and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.45
H-Index - 32
ISSN - 2152-3878
DOI - 10.1002/ghg.2054
Subject(s) - non renewable resource , renewable energy , economics , natural resource economics , greenhouse gas , panel data , econometrics , ecology , biology
This article examined the causal relationship between economic growth, carbon dioxide ( CO 2 ), and renewable and nonrenewable energy use for the 27 Brazilian states from 1997 to 2016. In order to achieve this objective, the system‐generalized method of moment was applied together with the autoregressive vector model for panel data. Estimates of the multivariate model established important relationships to promote public policies. Empirical results show that there is a two‐way relationship between economic growth and CO 2 emissions. While growth negatively causes CO 2 emissions, the impact of CO 2 emissions on economic growth is positive. Additionally, the degree of using nonrenewable energy has a positive effect on economic growth and CO 2 emissions. On the other hand, renewable energy use positively affects economic growth and negatively affects CO 2 emissions. Also, economic growth positively causes the use of energies derived from renewable and nonrenewable sources. Finally, as expected, CO 2 emissions do not affect energy use. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.