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Paleoenvironment, prehistory, and accelerated slope erosion along the central Israeli coastal plain (Palmahim): A geoarchaeological case study
Author(s) -
Schuldenrein Joseph
Publication year - 1986
Publication title -
geoarchaeology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.696
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 1520-6548
pISSN - 0883-6353
DOI - 10.1002/gea.3340010107
Subject(s) - geology , prehistory , erosion , sediment , paleosol , quaternary , coastal plain , holocene , swamp , archaeology , bioturbation , debris , phytolith , sedimentation , paleontology , loess , geography , oceanography , pollen , ecology , biology
The late Quaternary history and systematics of slope erosion along a segment of the Central Israeli Coastal Plain is examined in conjunction with a series of terminal Paleolithic occupations. Three sites situated along the slope afford site‐specific and intersite data that enable reconstructions of local geological and archaeological sequences and correlations. The earliest (Kebaran) component is located on the midslope while the later (Geometric Kebaran) is situated along the footslope. Paleotopographic relations and sediment analyses indicate that the later Geometric Kebaran deposits were derived from the paleosol developed on the midslope. Paleoenvironmental contexts at the sites reveal that the rich Kebaran soil is diagnostic of an ancient swamp and attendant moist interval. Concentrations of cultural debris along these fragile midslopes imply a density of occupation and impact that may have increased rates of degradation. Extensive as well as intensive utilization of the midslope is suggested. The occupation contrasts markedly with the later Geometric Kebaran sites which display minimal sedimentation and a broader range of site distribution. The site‐specific evidence and regional distribution patterns argue for more varied settlement, proportionately reduced site sizes, and consequently, reduced slope utilization towards the close of the Paleolithic.