Open AccessComparison of two sources of iodine delivery on breast milk iodine and maternal and infant urinary iodine concentrations in southern Ethiopia: A randomized trial
Author(s) -
Gebreegziabher Tafere,
Stoecker Barbara J.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
food science and nutrition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.614
H-Index - 27
ISSN - 2048-7177
DOI - 10.1002/fsn3.477
Subject(s) - iodine , iodised salt , medicine , iodine deficiency , breast milk , interquartile range , lactation , breast feeding , infant formula , randomized controlled trial , pregnancy , breastfeeding , obstetrics , zoology , pediatrics , chemistry , biology , thyroid , biochemistry , organic chemistry , genetics
Iodine deficiency during pregnancy and lactation could expose the infant to severe iodine deficiency disorders. A randomized supplementation trial among rural lactating women was conducted in Sidama zone, southern Ethiopia, to compare the methods of iodine delivery on breast milk iodine, and on maternal and infant urinary iodine concentrations. Women were randomly assigned either to receive 225 μg iodine as potassium iodide capsule daily for 6 months or 450 g of appropriately iodized salt (30–40 μg I as KIO 3 /g of salt) weekly for household consumption for 6 months. Breast milk iodine concentration ( BMIC ) and maternal and infant urinary iodine concentration ( UIC ) were measured at baseline and at 6 months. The women did not differ in BMIC and UIC , and infants did not differ in UIC in a time by treatment interaction. Median ( IQR, interquartile range, IQR ) BMIC at baseline was 154 [43, 252] μg/L and at 6 months was 105 [36, 198] μg/L, maternal UIC at baseline was 107 [71, 161] μg/L and at 6 months was 130 [80, 208] μg/L; infant UIC at baseline was 218 [108, 356] μg/L and at 6 months was 222 [117, 369] μg/L. Significant correlations among the three variables were obtained in both groups at both times. We conclude that for lactating women an adequate amount of appropriately iodized salt (30–40 μg I/g) had similar effects as a daily supplement of 225 μg I on BMIC and on maternal and infant UIC .