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Authentication of the geographical origin of patchouli oil using front‐face fluorescence spectroscopy and chemometric analysis
Author(s) -
Al Riza Dimas Firmanda,
Widodo Slamet,
Purwanto Y. Aris,
Kondo Naoshi
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
flavour and fragrance journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.393
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1099-1026
pISSN - 0882-5734
DOI - 10.1002/ffj.3473
Subject(s) - patchouli , principal component analysis , chemometrics , chemistry , fluorescence spectroscopy , sample (material) , biological system , matrix (chemical analysis) , pattern recognition (psychology) , analytical chemistry (journal) , fluorescence , artificial intelligence , chromatography , computer science , essential oil , optics , physics , biology
Increasing consumer awareness of the authenticity of products has led to a demand for rapid measurement methods to support the traceability of high‐value commodities. In this research, a front‐face method was used to obtain fluorescence excitation–emission matrix fingerprints of patchouli oil samples from different geographical origins in Indonesia. Principal component analysis ( PCA ) was then used to explore the excitation–emission matrix ( EEM ) data structure of the samples, and 3D eigenvector value thresholding was used to discriminate important variables. It was found that there were five important EEM regions representing the sample variation. A decision‐tree model with a subset of two important regions, i.e. regions 1 and 3, was then developed for the classification of patchouli oils from different Indonesian islands. These results show that front‐face fluorescence spectroscopy has the potential to be used as a supporting tool for the discrimination of the geographical origin of patchouli oils.