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Characterization of aroma compounds in the peel extract of Jabara ( Citrus jabara Hort. ex Tanaka)
Author(s) -
Omori Hiroko,
Nakahara Kazuaki,
Umano Katsumi
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
flavour and fragrance journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.393
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1099-1026
pISSN - 0882-5734
DOI - 10.1002/ffj.2066
Subject(s) - chemistry , aroma , myrcene , limonene , flavour , chromatography , food science , essential oil
ABSTRACT Volatile compounds in the peel extract of Jabara ( Citrus jabara Hort. ex Tanaka), a Japanese sour citrus, have been investigated using GC‐FID, GC‐MS and GC‐olfactometry. The peel extract was obtained by solvent‐assisted flavour evaporation after solvent extraction. The GC‐FID and GC‐MS analyses led to the identification of 49 compounds, including myrcene (46.8%), limonene (28.2%) and γ ‐terpinene (15.5%) as major constituents. Interestingly, the level of myrcene was much higher than that of limonene known as the main volatile constituent in citrus peel. This specific composition indicated that Jabara was a rare species among citrus fruits. Application of aroma extract dilution analysis revealed 22 odour‐active compounds with the flavour dilution (FD) factor ranged from 8 to 16 384, and 19 of these compounds were identified. Myrcene, which showed the highest FD factor of 16 384, was regarded as the most character impact odorant in the Jabara peel extract. It should be noted that (3 E ,5 Z )‐1,3,5‐undecatriene (FD = 512), (3 E ,5 Z ,8 Z )‐1,3,5,8‐undecatetraene (FD = 256), 1,3,5,7‐undecatetraene (unknown stereochemistry, FD = 256) and (6 Z ,8 E )‐6,8,10‐undecatrien‐3‐one (FD = 16) were detected as potent odorants with green and fruity aroma, despite their trace levels in the extract. In addition to these, 7‐methyl‐1,6‐octadien‐3‐one, having a metallic and mushroom‐like odour, was identified as a further key contributor to the aroma of Jabara peel extract. This novel odorant has been reported for the first time as a volatile constituent in a natural product. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.