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Underestimating the benefits of marine protected areas for the replenishment of fished populations
Author(s) -
Marshall Dustin J,
Gaines Steven,
Warner Robert,
Barneche Diego R,
Bode Michael
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
frontiers in ecology and the environment
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.918
H-Index - 164
eISSN - 1540-9309
pISSN - 1540-9295
DOI - 10.1002/fee.2075
Subject(s) - range (aeronautics) , fish <actinopterygii> , biological dispersal , biology , reproduction , diversity of fish , marine ecosystem , fishery , marine fish , ecology , productivity , population , marine species , ecosystem , demography , materials science , macroeconomics , sociology , economics , composite material
Marine protected areas ( MPA s) are important tools for managing marine ecosystems. MPA s are expected to replenish nearby exploited populations through the natural dispersal of young, but the models that make these predictions rely on assumptions that have recently been demonstrated to be incorrect for most species of fish. A meta‐analysis showed that fish reproductive output scales “hyperallometrically” with fish mass, such that larger fish produce more offspring per unit body mass than smaller fish. Because fish are often larger inside MPA s, they should exhibit disproportionately higher reproductive output as compared to fish outside of MPA s. We explore the consequences of hyperallometric reproduction for a range of species for population replenishment and the productivity of exploited species. We show that the reproductive contribution of fish inside MPA s has been systematically underestimated and that fisheries yields can be enhanced by the establishment of reservoirs of larger, highly fecund fish.