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Flame‐retardant compounds for polymeric materials from an abundantly available, renewable biosource, castor oil
Author(s) -
Howell Bob A.,
Ostrander Eric A.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
fire and materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.482
H-Index - 58
eISSN - 1099-1018
pISSN - 0308-0501
DOI - 10.1002/fam.2796
Subject(s) - castor oil , fire retardant , degree of unsaturation , biodiesel , polyurethane , chemistry , organic chemistry , pulp and paper industry , flammability , epoxy , ether , ricinus , catalysis , engineering , biochemistry
Summary Castor oil is a triglyceride extracted from the seed (castor bean) of the castor plant. This plant will thrive on relatively poor soil and in an arid climate. The oil is nonedible but is produced annually in large volume to be converted to biodiesel (largely for the European market). The oil contains both unsaturation and hydroxyl functionality that may be utilized for conversion to flame retarding materials. A series of phosphorus esters has been generated from castor oil. All display good flame retardancy in the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxy resin. Introduction of bromine at the double bond generally enhances the flame retardancy of these esters.