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Toxicity of cyanobacterial bloom in the eutrophic dam reservoir (Southeast Poland)
Author(s) -
Sierosławska Anna,
Rymuszka Anna,
Kalinowska Renata,
Skowroński Tadeusz,
Bownik Adam,
PawlikSkowrońska Barbara
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.86
Subject(s) - aphanizomenon , daphnia pulex , pulex , biology , anabaena , microcystis aeruginosa , microcystis , ceriodaphnia dubia , daphnia magna , daphnia , cyanobacteria , microcystin , botany , toxicity , cladocera , ecology , chemistry , zooplankton , bacteria , genetics , organic chemistry
Cyanobacterial bloom was observed in a highly eutrophic dam reservoir, Zemborzycki, near Lublin (SE Poland) over a warm period in the year 2007. The water bloom consisted of several cyanobacterial taxa: Anabaena circinalis, Anabaena spiroides, Anabaena flos‐aquae, Planktothrix agardhii, Aphanizomenon flos‐aquae, Aphanizomenon gracile , and Microcystis flos‐aquae . Anabaena spp., and Aphanizomenon spp., potential producers of neurotoxic anatoxin‐a, quantitatively predominated in the studied bloom. High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of surface scum sampled during Anabaena circinalis domination revealed the presence of anatoxin‐a at a high concentration (1,035.59 µg per liter of surface scum). At the same time, neither gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) nor microcystin enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test showed the presence of other frequently found cyanotoxins, microcystins. Toxicity of cyanobacterial bloom was assessed by the crustacean acute toxicity test Daphtoxkit F™ pulex using Daphnia pulex , and by the chronic toxicity test Protoxkit F™ with a ciliate protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila . The crude extract of cyanobacterial scum showed high toxicity for Daphnia pulex , with 24‐h median effective concentration (EC50) value of 90.3 µg/L of anatoxin‐a, which corresponded to the cyanobacterial density in the scum of 1.01 g dry weight/L. For Tetrahymena thermophila , 24‐h EC50 was lower, evaluated to be 60.48 µg/L of anatoxin‐a, which corresponded to a cyanobacterial density of 0.68 g dry weight/L of the scum. On the basis of evaluated toxicity units, the cyanobacterial extract was classified at class IV toxicity, which means high toxic hazard. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:556–560. © 2009 SETAC