Premium
Biomimetic solid‐phase microextraction to predict body residues and toxicity of chemicals that act by narcosis
Author(s) -
Leslie Heather A.,
Oosthoek Annelies J. P.,
Busser Frans J. M.,
Kraak Michiel H. S.,
Hermens Joop L. M.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.5620210202
Subject(s) - solid phase microextraction , chemistry , toxicant , environmental chemistry , chromatography , midge , chironomus riparius , solid phase extraction , gas chromatography , toxicity , extraction (chemistry) , gas chromatography–mass spectrometry , mass spectrometry , larva , biology , organic chemistry , ecology
A biomimetic extraction technique using solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) fibers has been developed for the risk assessment of contaminants with a narcotic mode of action. Our goal is to apply this technique in the future for the prediction of total baseline toxicity of environmental water and effluent samples. Validation of this method requires establishing the relationship between contaminant accumulation and toxicity in biota and accumulation in the surrogate solid phase (the SPME fiber coating). For this purpose, we determined the median lethal concentration (LC50) values for Chironomus riparius midge larvae exposed to two halogenated aromatic compounds separately and measured body residues in the exposed larvae. Solid‐phase microextraction fibers with an 85‐μm polyacrylate (PA) coating served as the surrogate hydrophobic phase, mimicking the uptake of the compounds by midge larvae. The toxicant concentrations in SPME fibers measured directly by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GCMS) or calculated from the SPME fiber—water partition coefficient, K SPME , were related to the toxicant concentrations found in midge larvae. Our results demonstrated that the biomimetic SPME method enables the estimation of body residues in biota and prediction of the degree of baseline toxicity of a water medium.