Premium
Multivariate test designs to assess the influence of zinc and cadmium bioavailability in soils on the toxicity to Enchytraeus albidus
Author(s) -
Lock Koen,
Janssen Colin R.,
De Coen Wim M.
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.5620191108
Subject(s) - cadmium , zinc , environmental chemistry , ecotoxicity , soil water , chemistry , bioavailability , toxicity , ecotoxicology , factorial experiment , organic matter , soil contamination , environmental science , soil science , biology , mathematics , bioinformatics , statistics , organic chemistry
Multivariate test designs were used to identify and quantify the soil parameters important for determining the ecotoxicological effects of zinc and cadmium to the potworm Enchytraeus albidus . The application of a fractional factorial design (FFD) revealed that the acute toxicity of zinc and cadmium to E. albidus can vary over more than two orders of magnitude, depending on the composition of the (artificial) soils. The differences in metal ecotoxicity were determined mainly by pH and organic matter content or cation exchange capacity (CEC). Using a central composite design, models were developed describing the ecotoxicity of zinc and cadmium to E. albidus as a function of these parameters. To validate the developed surface response models, two field soils and the standard artificial soil prescribed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) were spiked with zinc and cadmium, and the acute toxicity to E. albidus was assessed. These validation experiments confirmed that the toxicity of zinc and cadmium could be predicted by the pH and the CEC of a soil with toxicity decreasing with increasing pH and CEC.