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Joint action of pollutant combinations (pesticides and metals) on survival (LC50 values) and acetylcholinesterase activity of Tigriopus brevicornis (Copepoda, Harpacticoida)
Author(s) -
Forget Joëlle,
Pavillon JeanFrançois,
Beliaeff Benoǐt,
Bocquené Gilles
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.5620180514
Subject(s) - dichlorvos , malathion , pesticide , cadmium , pollutant , acetylcholinesterase , toxicology , organophosphate , environmental chemistry , carbamate , chemistry , biology , ecology , biochemistry , enzyme , organic chemistry
The joint toxicity of nine binary mixtures of a metal (arsenic, copper, or cadmium) and a pesticide (carbofuran, dichlorvos, or malathion) was determined in the marine microcrustacean Tigriopus brevicornis (Müller) (Copepoda) by 96‐h LC50 tests and measurement of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. Acetylcholinesterase is used in the marine coastal environment as a biomarker to evaluate exposure to neurotoxic pollutants, including organophosphorous (OP) and carbamate (C) insecticides and most metals. A toxic unit (TU) approach was used to test the response addition model for mixtures of chemicals with different action modes. Studies of mixtures showed synergistic lethal effects in all cases (the strongest acute effects being observed in coppermalathion, cadmium‐malathion, dichlorvos‐malathion, and cadmium‐dichlorvos combinations). At the sublethal level, the presence of the three metals tested seemed to enhance the inhibitory effects of certain OP and C insecticides.